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fpga_fan_controller [2016/08/25 19:32]
joel [GNU Radio]
fpga_fan_controller [2017/12/06 11:18] (current)
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 Internally the device uses a [[http://www.futurlec.com/Datasheet/Others/HT12E.pdf|HT12E]] encoder chip driving a 350MHz LC oscillator. Internally the device uses a [[http://www.futurlec.com/Datasheet/Others/HT12E.pdf|HT12E]] encoder chip driving a 350MHz LC oscillator.
  
 +It has a 4-bit DIP switch that controls the id of the fan that will be controlled.
 ===== Capture ===== ===== Capture =====
 ==== Gqrx ==== ==== Gqrx ====
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 With the modulation of the packets now known, I used GNU radio to construct a real-time version of the Inspectrum demodulator. With the modulation of the packets now known, I used GNU radio to construct a real-time version of the Inspectrum demodulator.
 +
 +==== Packet Format ====
 +Data is transmitted by a 2/3rd / 1/3rd PWM scheme at ~2000bps.
 +
 +{{:hunter_fan:pwm-modulation.png|}}
 +
 +^ Command     ^ Preamble  ^^ 4-bit Fan Id   ^^^^ 7-bit Payload             ^^^^^^^
 +^ Off         | 0   | 0      | LSB | ⋅   | ⋅   | MSB | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 +^ Speed 1     | ::: | :::    | ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
 +^ Speed 2     | ::: | :::    | ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
 +^ Speed 3     | ::: | :::    | ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
 +^ Lamp On/Off | ::: | :::    | ::: | ::: | ::: | ::: | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
  
 ===== iCE40 FPGA Implementation ===== ===== iCE40 FPGA Implementation =====
 +I wanted to make use of the [[http://www.clifford.at/icestorm/|Yosys/Arachne-PNR/IceStorm]] open FPGA synthesis  tool-chain for the [[http://www.latticesemi.com/Products/FPGAandCPLD/iCE40.aspx|iCE40]], a small FPGA made by Lattice.
 +
 +Because of the simple modulation scheme, it's possible to transmit the 350MHz packets by simply wiggling a pin with a flying lead attached, which acts as a monopole antenna.
 +
 +The source is available on [[https://github.com/jhol/hunter-fan-controller|github]]. The final implementation allows the fan to be controlled through push-buttons and over serial-over-USB via the board's FT2232 USB interface.
 +
 {{:hunter_fan:20160612-ice40hx8k-board.jpg?0x250}} {{:hunter_fan:20160612-ice40hx8k-board.jpg?0x250}}
 {{:hunter_fan:fpga-structure.png?0x250|}} {{:hunter_fan:fpga-structure.png?0x250|}}
 {{:hunter_fan:20160612-transmit-signal.png?0x250|}} {{:hunter_fan:20160612-transmit-signal.png?0x250|}}
 {{:hunter_fan:20160618-completed-unit.jpg?0x250|}} {{:hunter_fan:20160618-completed-unit.jpg?0x250|}}
 +
 +==== Performance ====
 +The ideal quarter-wave antenna length for a monopole 350MHz is ~214mm. With a flying lead of this length, I found that the FPGA could transmit to a distance of 150m. This range is quite excessive, so I trimmed the antenna to ~50mm which the reduced the transmission range to a more reasonable distance.
 +
 +Given that there are only 16 id-codes possible with the 4-bit DIP switch, and that the transmit range is so long, and that the fans in my housing complex are presumably all the same type, it would be easy to prank the neighbors in the housing complex by transmitting random commands to all the ids at once. 
fpga_fan_controller.1472167954.txt.gz · Last modified: 2017/12/06 11:18 (external edit)